Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are characterized by psychological and physical symptoms that intensify during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and gradually subside with the onset of menstruation. The prevalence of PMDD ranges from 1.6% to 8% of menstruating individuals (Reilly et al., 2024). PMDD disrupts daily activities and interpersonal relationships, causes chronic stress, and is associated with poor quality of life (Carlini et al., 2022; Henderson et al., 2025). Those with PMDD face a higher risk of suicide (Yan et al., 2021) and are more likely to exhibit impulsive, risky behaviors, such as self-harm (Eisenlohr-Moul et al., 2022). However, due to the lack of detailed diagnostic criteria, limited engagement from the medical and research communities, and the absence of biomarkers, PMDS is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed as a non-cyclical mood (affective) disorder (Kaltsouni et al., 2024).