Rapid and simple detection of DNA/RNA is a significant unsolved problem. DNA/RNA oligonucleotides need to be determined for various applications, such as medical diagnostics (detection of point mutations in genes, viruses and other pathogens), biotechnology (quantification of RNA oligonucleotides in vaccines), or food quality control (GMO detection). Current PCR-based DNA/RNA detection technologies are limited, time consuming and relatively expensive. The aim of PhD studies is to carry out scientific research in order to create new electrochemical biosensors for the detection of DNA/RNA nucleotides and to study the fundamental properties of DNA/RNA when nucleic acids are immobilized on various surfaces. The following scientific research will be carried out during the doctoral studies: i) the development of nanostructured coatings for the immobilization of DNA oligonucleotides; ii) searching for proteins/compounds that would be activated by target nucleotide sequences and enable signal amplification (e.g. Cas12a or others), iii) studying fundamental properties of DNA/RNA when oligonucleotides are immobilized on surfaces (electrode transfer rate, conformation); iv) designing of biosensors that would allow for the identification of target sequences and could have improved analytical parameters compared to current technologies.